aquaporin 1  (Santa Cruz Biotechnology)

Journal: Veterinary Sciences

Article Title: Clinical Spatial Distribution of Aquaporin-1 in Camel Cornea Using Assistive AI Applications

doi: 10.3390/vetsci13050425

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative photomicrographs of the camel cornea. Panels (C1, MD1, MV1) show H&E-stained sections illustrating epithelial thickness in the central (C), middle dorsal (MD), and middle ventral (MV) regions (scale bar: 100 µm). Panels (C2, MD2, MV2) depict the stromal layer and Descemet’s membrane in the same regions following H&E staining. Panels (C3, MD3, MV3) demonstrate AQP1 immunoreactivity within the corneal epithelium and keratocytes of the anterior stroma, with variable staining intensity across regions (black arrows; scale bar: 50 µm). Panels (C4, MD4, MV4) show AQP1 localization in the posterior stroma and endothelium, where immunostaining is primarily confined to keratocytes and endothelial cells (black arrows; scale bar: 50 µm).

Article Snippet: Subsequently, the sections were incubated for 60 min with a rabbit polyclonal anti-human AQP1 primary antibody (1:1000; catalog no. GB11310, Servicebio, Woburn city, MA, USA).

Techniques: Staining, Membrane, Immunostaining

Journal: Veterinary Sciences

Article Title: Clinical Spatial Distribution of Aquaporin-1 in Camel Cornea Using Assistive AI Applications

doi: 10.3390/vetsci13050425

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative photomicrographs of the camel cornea from the middle nasal (MN), middle temporal (MT), and peripheral dorsal (PD) regions. Panels (MN1, MT1, PD1) show H&E-stained sections illustrating epithelial thickness in the corresponding regions. In addition, vascular structures are visible in the peripheral dorsal region (PD2), likely associated with the limbal area (black arrows; scale bar: 100 µm). Panels (MN2, MT2, PD2) demonstrate the stromal layer and Descemet’s membrane in these regions following H&E staining. Panels (MN3, MT3, PD3) reveal AQP1 immunoreactivity within the corneal epithelium and keratocytes of the anterior stroma, with regional variation in staining intensity (black arrows; scale bar: 50 µm). Panels (MN4, MT4, PD4) illustrate AQP1 localization in the posterior stroma and endothelium, where staining is predominantly confined to keratocytes and endothelial cells (black arrows; scale bar: 50 µm).

Article Snippet: Subsequently, the sections were incubated for 60 min with a rabbit polyclonal anti-human AQP1 primary antibody (1:1000; catalog no. GB11310, Servicebio, Woburn city, MA, USA).

Techniques: Staining, Membrane

Journal: Veterinary Sciences

Article Title: Clinical Spatial Distribution of Aquaporin-1 in Camel Cornea Using Assistive AI Applications

doi: 10.3390/vetsci13050425

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative photomicrographs of the camel cornea from the peripheral ventral (PV), peripheral nasal (PN), and peripheral temporal (PT) regions. Panels (PV1, PN1, PT1) show H&E-stained sections illustrating epithelial thickness in the respective regions (scale bar: 100 µm). Vascular structures are evident in the peripheral areas (PV2, PN2, PT2), likely corresponding to extensions of the limbal vasculature (black arrows). Panels (PV2, PN2, PT2) further demonstrate the stromal layer and Descemet’s membrane following H&E staining. Panels (PV3, PN3, PT3) display AQP1 immunoreactivity within the corneal epithelium and keratocytes of the anterior stroma, with noticeable regional differences in staining intensity (black arrows; scale bar: 50 µm). The strongest epithelial expression of AQP1 was observed in the peripheral nasal region (PN3), highlighted by white circles. Panels (PV4, PN4, PT4) illustrate AQP1 localization in the posterior stroma and endothelium, where staining is primarily confined to keratocytes and endothelial cells (black arrows; scale bar: 50 µm). Additionally, panel (PT5) shows the presence of brown melanin granules within the peripheral temporal region (black arrows; scale bar: 50 µm).

Article Snippet: Subsequently, the sections were incubated for 60 min with a rabbit polyclonal anti-human AQP1 primary antibody (1:1000; catalog no. GB11310, Servicebio, Woburn city, MA, USA).

Techniques: Staining, Membrane, Expressing

Journal: Veterinary Sciences

Article Title: Clinical Spatial Distribution of Aquaporin-1 in Camel Cornea Using Assistive AI Applications

doi: 10.3390/vetsci13050425

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunohistochemical localization of AQP1 in camel corneal epithelium across different cellular layers, including superficial, intermediate (polyhedral), and basal cells. The columns represent the relative expression levels of AQP1 in the following corneal regions according to Area Fraction (%): central (C), middle dorsal (MD), middle nasal (MN), middle temporal (MT), middle ventral (MV), peripheral dorsal (PD), peripheral nasal (PN), peripheral temporal (PT), and peripheral ventral (PV). Data are presented as Mean ± SD (n = 6). Different superscript letters above bars indicate statistically significant differences between groups (One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test, p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: Subsequently, the sections were incubated for 60 min with a rabbit polyclonal anti-human AQP1 primary antibody (1:1000; catalog no. GB11310, Servicebio, Woburn city, MA, USA).

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Expressing

Journal: Veterinary Sciences

Article Title: Clinical Spatial Distribution of Aquaporin-1 in Camel Cornea Using Assistive AI Applications

doi: 10.3390/vetsci13050425

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunohistochemical distribution of AQP1 in the camel cornea, including the anterior and posterior stromal regions as well as the endothelium. The columns illustrate the relative expression levels of AQP1 across different corneal regions according to Area Fraction (%): central (C), middle dorsal (MD), middle nasal (MN), middle temporal (MT), middle ventral (MV), peripheral dorsal (PD), peripheral nasal (PN), peripheral temporal (PT), and peripheral ventral (PV). Data are presented as Mean ± SD (n = 6). Different superscript letters above bars indicate statistically significant differences between groups (One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test, p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: Subsequently, the sections were incubated for 60 min with a rabbit polyclonal anti-human AQP1 primary antibody (1:1000; catalog no. GB11310, Servicebio, Woburn city, MA, USA).

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Expressing

Journal: Veterinary Sciences

Article Title: Clinical Spatial Distribution of Aquaporin-1 in Camel Cornea Using Assistive AI Applications

doi: 10.3390/vetsci13050425

Figure Lengend Snippet: Proposed model for the spatial distribution of AQP1 water channels in the camel cornea in the three corneal layers, epithelium, stroma and endothelium. The green color shows AQP1 localization in the different corneal epithelial cell layers; superficial, polyhedral, and basal cell layers. The black color shows localization of AQP1 in keratocyte cells of stroma, while the red color clarifies the localization of AQP1 in corneal endothelium.

Article Snippet: Subsequently, the sections were incubated for 60 min with a rabbit polyclonal anti-human AQP1 primary antibody (1:1000; catalog no. GB11310, Servicebio, Woburn city, MA, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Veterinary Sciences

Article Title: Clinical Spatial Distribution of Aquaporin-1 in Camel Cornea Using Assistive AI Applications

doi: 10.3390/vetsci13050425

Figure Lengend Snippet: Topographical map of AQP1 distribution across the nine corneal regions. The schematic represents the regional intensity of AQP1 expression in the epithelium (EPI), stroma (STR), and endothelium (EN) of the camel cornea. The AI-generated Area Fraction (AF %) data: (+) = Weak expression (AF < 2%), (++) = Moderate expression (AF = 2–4%), (+++) = Strong expression (AF = 4–6%) and (++++) = Very strong expression (AF > 6%).

Article Snippet: Subsequently, the sections were incubated for 60 min with a rabbit polyclonal anti-human AQP1 primary antibody (1:1000; catalog no. GB11310, Servicebio, Woburn city, MA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Generated

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Uncovering potentially targetable genes in liver fibrosis via bioinformatics and experimental validation

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-45080-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Validation of six potentially targetable gene candidates in liver fibrosis using the merged GSE14323 and GSE84044 datasets. Violin plots show significantly higher expression in fibrotic tissues compared to controls for ( A ) AQP1, ( B ) CCL19, ( C ) CXCL6, ( D ) CXCL9, ( E ) CXCL10, and ( F ) EPCAM. Statistical significance was determined by the limma package; *** P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Two shRNAs targeting AQP1 (shAQP1-1 and shAQP1-2; GeneChem) were transfected, with a negative control (control or scramble) serving as the control group.

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, Expressing

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Uncovering potentially targetable genes in liver fibrosis via bioinformatics and experimental validation

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-45080-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of six candidate genes in the merged liver fibrosis dataset ( GSE14323 and GSE84044 ). ( A – F ) ROC curves for AQP1, CCL19, CXCL6, CXCL9, CXCL10, and EPCAM. The AUC values and 95% confidence intervals are indicated.

Article Snippet: Two shRNAs targeting AQP1 (shAQP1-1 and shAQP1-2; GeneChem) were transfected, with a negative control (control or scramble) serving as the control group.

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Uncovering potentially targetable genes in liver fibrosis via bioinformatics and experimental validation

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-45080-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A – F ) Heatmaps showing the expression profiles of AQP1 ( A ), CCL19 ( B ), CXCL6 ( C ), CXCL9 ( D ), CXCL10 ( E ), and EPCAM ( F ) in liver fibrosis samples from the merged GSE14323 and GSE84044 datasets. Samples were divided into high- and low-expression groups for each gene based on the median expression level. The color scale indicates the relative expression (red: high; blue: low).

Article Snippet: Two shRNAs targeting AQP1 (shAQP1-1 and shAQP1-2; GeneChem) were transfected, with a negative control (control or scramble) serving as the control group.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Uncovering potentially targetable genes in liver fibrosis via bioinformatics and experimental validation

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-45080-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A – F ) Heatmaps showing Pearson correlation coefficients between AQP1, CCL19, CXCL6, CXCL9, CXCL10, EPCAM and all genes in the merged GSE14323 and GSE84044 dataset. The top positively and negatively correlated genes are displayed. Red indicates positive correlation and blue indicates negative correlation.

Article Snippet: Two shRNAs targeting AQP1 (shAQP1-1 and shAQP1-2; GeneChem) were transfected, with a negative control (control or scramble) serving as the control group.

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Uncovering potentially targetable genes in liver fibrosis via bioinformatics and experimental validation

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-45080-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A – F ) Bar plots illustrating the top enriched GO terms (BP, CC, MF categories) for AQP1 ( A ), CCL19 ( B ), CXCL6 ( C ), CXCL9 ( D ), CXCL10 ( E ), and EPCAM ( F ).For each hub gene, all samples were divided into high- and low-expression groups according to the median expression level, differentially expressed genes between the two groups were identified, and these DEG sets were subjected to GO enrichment analysis. Bar length indicates the number of DEGs annotated to each term (“Count”), and the colour scale represents the Benjamini–Hochberg–adjusted P value (p.adjust).

Article Snippet: Two shRNAs targeting AQP1 (shAQP1-1 and shAQP1-2; GeneChem) were transfected, with a negative control (control or scramble) serving as the control group.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Uncovering potentially targetable genes in liver fibrosis via bioinformatics and experimental validation

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-45080-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A – F ) Bar plots showing significantly enriched KEGG pathways for AQP1 ( A ), CCL19 ( B ), CXCL6 ( C ), CXCL9 ( D ), CXCL10 ( E ), and EPCAM ( F ). For each hub gene, all samples were divided into high- and low-expression groups according to the median expression level, differentially expressed genes between the two groups were identified, and these DEG sets were used for KEGG enrichment analysis. Bar length indicates the number of DEGs mapped to each pathway (“Count”), and the colour scale represents the Benjamini–Hochberg–adjusted P value (p.adjust).

Article Snippet: Two shRNAs targeting AQP1 (shAQP1-1 and shAQP1-2; GeneChem) were transfected, with a negative control (control or scramble) serving as the control group.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Uncovering potentially targetable genes in liver fibrosis via bioinformatics and experimental validation

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-45080-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A – F ) GSEA plots showing significantly enriched KEGG pathways in the high-expression groups of AQP1 ( A ), CCL19 ( B ), CXCL6 ( C ), CXCL9 ( D ), CXCL10 ( E ), and EPCAM ( F ).

Article Snippet: Two shRNAs targeting AQP1 (shAQP1-1 and shAQP1-2; GeneChem) were transfected, with a negative control (control or scramble) serving as the control group.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Uncovering potentially targetable genes in liver fibrosis via bioinformatics and experimental validation

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-45080-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A – F ) Lollipop plots displaying the correlation between AQP1 ( A ), CCL19 ( B ), CXCL6 ( C ), CXCL9 ( D ), CXCL10 ( E ), and EPCAM ( F ) expression and 22 types of immune cells estimated using the CIBERSORT algorithm. The x-axis represents the Pearson correlation coefficient. The size and color of each dot indicate the correlation strength and p-value, respectively.

Article Snippet: Two shRNAs targeting AQP1 (shAQP1-1 and shAQP1-2; GeneChem) were transfected, with a negative control (control or scramble) serving as the control group.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Uncovering potentially targetable genes in liver fibrosis via bioinformatics and experimental validation

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-45080-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: AQP1 expression is upregulated in liver fibrosis tissue. ( A ) Representative immunohistochemical images of AQP1 in normal control (left) and liver fibrosis (right) tissue. Original magnification: ×400. ( B ) Confocal immunofluorescence micrographs showing prominent staining of AQP1 (red) and α-SMA (green) in livers from control and fibrosis groups. Cell nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Original magnification: ×400.

Article Snippet: Two shRNAs targeting AQP1 (shAQP1-1 and shAQP1-2; GeneChem) were transfected, with a negative control (control or scramble) serving as the control group.

Techniques: Expressing, Immunohistochemical staining, Control, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Uncovering potentially targetable genes in liver fibrosis via bioinformatics and experimental validation

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-45080-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Functional validation of AQP1 knockdown in LX-2 cells under TGF-β stimulation. ( A ) Western blot analysis of AQP1 and α-SMA expression in control and AQP1 knockdown (shAQP1-1 and shAQP1-2) LX-2 cells following TGF-β (10 ng/mL) treatment. GAPDH was used as the loading control. AQP1 knockdown efficiency and the corresponding reduction of α-SMA expression are shown. ( B ) CCK-8 assay assessing cell proliferation at 24, 48, and 72 h in control and AQP1 knockdown cells. AQP1 suppression significantly reduced cell viability compared with the control group. ( C ) Colony formation assay demonstrating decreased congenic capacity in AQP1 knockdown cells relative to control cells. ( D ) Wound healing assay evaluating cell migration at 0 h and 24 h. Representative images are shown, and quantitative analysis of relative wound closure is presented on the right. AQP1 knockdown significantly inhibited migratory ability compared with control cells.

Article Snippet: Two shRNAs targeting AQP1 (shAQP1-1 and shAQP1-2; GeneChem) were transfected, with a negative control (control or scramble) serving as the control group.

Techniques: Functional Assay, Biomarker Discovery, Knockdown, Western Blot, Expressing, Control, CCK-8 Assay, Colony Assay, Wound Healing Assay, Migration